Mawu Oyamba:Vavu ya mpira idatuluka mu 1950s.Ndi chitukuko chachangu cha sayansi ndi luso, ndi mosalekeza kusintha kwa luso kupanga ndi kapangidwe mankhwala, izo mofulumira kukhala mtundu valavu lalikulu mu zaka 50 chabe.M'mayiko otukuka akumadzulo, kugwiritsa ntchito ma valve a mpira kukuwonjezeka chaka ndi chaka.

Valavu ya mpira imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kudula, kugawa ndikusintha njira yoyendetsera sing'anga mu payipi.Imangofunika kuzunguliridwa madigiri 90 ndipo torque yaying'ono imatha kutsekedwa mwamphamvu.Valavu ya mpira ndiyoyenera kwambiri kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chosinthira ndi valavu yotseka.

Popeza valavu ya mpira nthawi zambiri imagwiritsa ntchito mphira, nylon ndi polytetrafluoroethylene monga chinthu cha chisindikizo cha mpando, kutentha kwake kumachepetsedwa ndi zinthu za chisindikizo cha mpando.Ntchito yodulidwa ya valavu ya mpira imakwaniritsidwa mwa kukanikiza mpira wachitsulo pampando wa valve ya pulasitiki pansi pa zochita za sing'anga (valavu yoyandama ya mpira).Pansi pa kukakamizidwa kwina kolumikizana, mphete yosindikizira mpando wa vavu imalowa m'malo am'deralo.Kupindika kumeneku kungathe kulipira kulondola kwa kupanga ndi kuuma kwapamwamba kwa mpira, ndikuwonetsetsa kusindikiza kwa valve ya mpira.

Ndipo chifukwa mphete yosindikizira mpando wa valve ya valavu ya mpira nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi pulasitiki, posankha mapangidwe ndi ntchito ya valve ya mpira, kukana moto ndi kukana moto kwa valve ya mpira kuyenera kuganiziridwa, makamaka mu mafuta, mankhwala, metallurgical. ndi m'madipatimenti ena, muzowulutsa zoyaka komanso zophulika.Ngati ma valve a mpira akugwiritsidwa ntchito pazida ndi mapaipi, chidwi chachikulu chiyenera kuperekedwa pakukana moto ndi kuteteza moto.

Zofunikira za valve ya mpira

1. Imakhala ndi kukana kotsika kwambiri (kwenikweni ziro).2. Sichidzakakamira pamene chikugwira ntchito popanda mafuta, kotero chikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito modalirika kuzinthu zowonongeka ndi zakumwa zochepa zowira.3. Ikhoza kukwaniritsa 100% kusindikiza mu kuthamanga kwakukulu ndi kutentha.4. Ikhoza kuzindikira kutsegulira ndi kutseka kofulumira kwambiri, ndipo nthawi yotsegula ndi yotseka yazinthu zina ndi 0.05 ~ 0.1s yokha, kuti iwonetsetse kuti ingagwiritsidwe ntchito mu dongosolo lodzipangira la benchi yoyesera.Pamene valve imatsegulidwa ndi kutsekedwa mwamsanga, palibe kugwedezeka pakugwira ntchito.5. Kutsekedwa kozungulira kungathe kukhazikitsidwa kokha pamalo.6. Sing'anga yogwirira ntchito imasindikizidwa modalirika kumbali zonse ziwiri.7. Mukatsegulidwa kwathunthu ndi kutsekedwa kwathunthu, malo osindikizira a mpira ndi mpando wa valve amasiyanitsidwa ndi sing'anga, kotero kuti sing'anga yomwe imadutsa mu valve pa liwiro lalikulu sichidzachititsa kukokoloka kwa malo osindikizira.8. Ndi kamangidwe kakang'ono ndi kulemera kwake, zikhoza kuonedwa ngati njira yabwino kwambiri ya valve yoyenera kutsika kwapakati pa kutentha kwapakati.9. Thupi la valavu ndi lofanana, makamaka pamene mawonekedwe a valavu atsekedwa, omwe amatha kupirira kupsinjika kwa payipi.10. Chidutswa chotseka chingathe kupirira kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kuthamanga pamene kutseka.11. Valavu ya mpira yokhala ndi thupi la valavu yotsekedwa mokwanira ikhoza kukwiriridwa mwachindunji pansi, kotero kuti olowa mkati mwa valve asawonongeke, ndipo moyo wautali wautumiki ukhoza kufika zaka 30.Ndiwo valavu yabwino kwambiri yamapaipi amafuta ndi gasi.

Kugwiritsa ntchito valavu ya mpira

Makhalidwe ambiri apadera a ma valves a mpira amatsimikizira kuti kugwiritsa ntchito ma valves a mpira kumakhala kwakukulu.Nthawi zambiri, pakusintha kwamitundu iwiri, kusindikiza kolimba, matope, kuvala, kutsika kwanjira, kutsegulira mwachangu ndi kutseka (1/4 kutembenuka ndi kutseka), kudulidwa kwakukulu (ma valve a mpira amalimbikitsidwa pamakina a mapaipi okhala ndi kupanikizika kwakukulu. kusiyana), phokoso lochepa, cavitation ndi gasification, kutayikira pang'ono kumlengalenga, torque yaing'ono yogwiritsira ntchito, ndi kukana kwamadzimadzi pang'ono.

Valve ya mpira ndi yoyeneranso pamapaipi opangira kuwala, kutsika kwapakati (kusiyana kwapang'onopang'ono) ndi sing'anga zowononga.Mavavu a mpira amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuyika kwa cryogenic (cryogenic) ndi mapaipi.M'mapaipi a oxygen m'makampani opanga zitsulo, ma valve a mpira omwe adalandira chithandizo chamankhwala chotsitsa kwambiri amafunikira.Pamene chingwe chachikulu papaipi yamafuta ndi paipi ya gasi ikuyenera kukwiriridwa pansi pa nthaka, valavu ya mpira yobowoleza yodzaza iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.Pamene kusintha kukufunika, valve ya mpira yokhala ndi mawonekedwe apadera okhala ndi V-mawonekedwe ayenera kusankhidwa.Mu mafuta, petrochemical, mankhwala, mphamvu yamagetsi, ndi zomangamanga zamatawuni, ma valve osindikizira azitsulo azitsulo amatha kusankhidwa pamapaipi omwe ali ndi kutentha kogwira ntchito kuposa madigiri a 200.

Kugwiritsa ntchito valavu ya mpira

Mizere yayikulu yotumizira mafuta ndi gasi, mapaipi omwe amafunikira kutsukidwa, ndikukwiriridwa pansi, sankhani valavu ya mpira yokhala ndi njira zonse komanso zomangira zonse;kukwiriridwa pansi, sankhani valavu ya mpira yokhala ndi kugwirizana kozungulira kapena kulumikizana kwa flange;chitoliro chanthambi, sankhani kugwirizana kwa flange, kugwirizana kwa welded, kudzaza kapena kuchepetsedwa valavu ya mpira.Mapaipi ndi zida zosungiramo mafuta oyengedwa amagwiritsa ntchito ma valve a mpira.Paipi ya gasi yamzinda ndi gasi, valavu ya mpira yoyandama yokhala ndi cholumikizira cha flange ndi ulusi wamkati imasankhidwa.Mu dongosolo la payipi ya okosijeni muzitsulo zazitsulo, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito valavu yokhazikika ya mpira yomwe yakhala ikuchitapo kanthu movutikira ndikuyimitsa.Mu dongosolo la mapaipi ndi chipangizo cha sing'anga yotsika kutentha, valavu yotsika ya mpira yokhala ndi chivundikiro cha valve iyenera kusankhidwa.Pamapaipi a chothandizira chophwanyika chagawo loyenga mafuta, valavu yonyamulira yamtundu wa mpira itha kusankhidwa.Pazida ndi mapaipi opangira zinthu zowononga monga asidi ndi alkali m'makina amankhwala, mavavu onse achitsulo osapanga dzimbiri opangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha austenitic ndi PTFE monga mphete yosindikizira mpando wa vavu iyenera kusankhidwa.Mavavu osindikizira azitsulo azitsulo angagwiritsidwe ntchito pamapaipi kapena zida zotentha kwambiri m'makina azitsulo, machitidwe amagetsi, zomera za petrochemical, ndi machitidwe otenthetsera m'tawuni.Pamene kusintha koyenda kumafunika, giya ya nyongolotsi yoyendetsedwa, pneumatic kapena yamagetsi yowongolera valavu ya mpira yokhala ndi mawonekedwe a V imatha kusankhidwa.

Chidule cha nkhani:Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa ma valves a mpira ndi kwakukulu kwambiri, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito ikukulirakulirabe, ndipo ikukula motsatira kupanikizika kwambiri, kutentha kwakukulu, m'mimba mwake, kusindikiza kwakukulu, moyo wautali, kusintha kwabwino kwambiri ndi ntchito zambiri. valavu imodzi.Kudalirika kwake ndi zina Zizindikiro zogwirira ntchito zafika pamlingo wapamwamba, ndipo zasintha pang'ono ma valve a zipata, ma valve a globe, ndi ma valve olamulira.Ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kwa mavavu a mpira, izikhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakanthawi kochepa, makamaka pamapaipi amafuta ndi gasi, opangira mafuta oyenga mafuta komanso mafakitale anyukiliya.Kuphatikiza apo, ma valve a mpira adzakhalanso amodzi mwa mitundu yayikulu ya ma valve m'minda yamagulu akulu ndi apakatikati, apakati komanso otsika m'mafakitale ena.