Kodi Globe Valve ndi chiyani: Ntchito, Ubwino, ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito

Kodi Valavu Yozungulira Ndi Chiyani?

Mu mapaipi a mafakitale, madzi omanga ndi madzi otayira madzi, komanso njira zosiyanasiyana zowongolera madzi, valavu yozungulira ndi valavu yotsekedwa yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikulamulira bwino kayendedwe ka madzi ndi kutsekeka kwa zinthu zolumikizira (monga madzi, mpweya, nthunzi) mkati mwa payipi. Imagwira ntchito posintha kayendedwe ka tsinde kukhala kayendedwe koyima, kolunjika kwa diski—pamene pamwamba pa diski pakanikizira mwamphamvu pamwamba pa mpando wotsekerera, njira yolumikizira madzi imatsekedwa, ndipo njira yolumikizira madzi imatsekedwa; diski ikakwezedwa kutali ndi mpando, njira yolumikizira madzi imatsegulidwa, zomwe zimathandiza kuti zinthu zolumikizira madzi zidutse, zomwe zimathandiza kuti madzi azisinthasintha.

Zigawo Zazikulu za Valavu Yozungulira

Kugwira ntchito kokhazikika kwaValavu ya Globeimadalira ntchito yogwirizana ya zigawo zingapo zofunika, chilichonse chikugwira ntchito yake kuti chitsimikizire kuti valavuyo ikugwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti ikugwira ntchito bwino.

Thupi

Thupi ndi "chimango chachikulu" cha valavu yozungulira, yomwe nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosungunuka, chitsulo cha kaboni, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, kapena zinthu zina zolimba komanso zolimba zomwe sizingawonongeke ndi dzimbiri. Lili ndi njira yolowera mkati (yolowera ndi yotulutsira). Thupi liyenera kupirira kupsinjika kwa zolumikizira mkati mwa payipi ndikupereka maziko oyika ndi kuyika ziwalo zamkati monga mpando ndi disc, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti likhale gawo lofunikira la mphamvu yonse ya kapangidwe kake.

Disiki

Disiki ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri lotsekera lomwe limalamulira kuyenda kwa media, nthawi zambiri limagwira ntchito limodzi ndi pulagi m'mapangidwe ena. Mawonekedwe ake ndi zinthu zake zimasankhidwa kutengera mawonekedwe a media (monga kuwononga, kutentha, kupanikizika). Mwachitsanzo, chitsulo chimapezeka kwambiri m'malo opanikizika kwambiri, pomwe rabara kapena pulasitiki zingagwiritsidwe ntchito powononga pang'ono. Disikiyo imatseka bwino polumikizana ndi mpando.

Mpando

Mpando ndi "malo owonetsera" otsekera a valavu yozungulira, yokhazikika mkati mwa thupi pa njira yolumikizirana ndi media. Pamwamba pake papangidwa bwino kuti zitsimikizire kuti pamwamba pa diskiyo pakugwirizana bwino ndi pamwamba pa valavu. Zipangizo za mpando zimafuna kukana kuwonongeka ndi kukana kutsekera, nthawi zambiri kuphatikizapo aloyi wamkuwa, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, ndi aloyi olimba kuti athane ndi kuwonongeka kwa nthawi yayitali kuchokera ku media ndikuwonjezera moyo wa valavu.

Tsinde

Tsinde ndi "mlatho wotumizira" wolumikiza actuator ku diski, nthawi zambiri ndodo yokhala ndi ulusi. Mbali imodzi imalumikizidwa ku diski, ndipo inayo imalumikizidwa ku actuator (monga gudumu lamanja, mota yamagetsi). Imasintha mphamvu yoyendetsera kukhala kuyenda kolunjika kwa diski kudzera mu kayendedwe kozungulira. Tsinde liyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zokwanira komanso kukana kutopa, ndipo pamwamba pake nthawi zambiri pamakhala zokutidwa ndi chrome kapena nitride kuti muchepetse kukangana ndikuletsa dzimbiri.

Woyambitsa

Choyatsira magetsi ndiye "gwero la mphamvu" la valavu yozungulira, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwongolera kuzungulira kwa tsinde kuti litsegule ndi kutseka. Kutengera njira yogwirira ntchito, zoyatsira magetsi zimagawidwa m'mitundu yamanja ndi yodziyimira yokha:

• Othandizira pamanja:Yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa mapaipi ocheperako komanso ang'onoang'ono; kapangidwe kosavuta, mtengo wotsika.
• Zoyeserera Zokha:Yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa remote control, high-frequency operation, kapena ma high-diameter scanners; ikhoza kuphatikizidwa ndi ma control systems kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito yokha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magwiridwe antchito azigwira bwino ntchito. Mitundu yake ndi pneumatic, electric, ndi hydraulic actuators.

Kodi Valavu Yozungulira Imagwira Ntchito Bwanji?

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya valavu yozungulira imachokera pa mfundo yopangira "kukakamiza kusindikiza" ndi "kusindikiza kolunjika", zomwe zitha kugawidwa m'magawo awiri: kutsegula ndi kutseka.

1. Chikhalidwe Chotseka:Tsinde la diski “limapindika mkati,” kusuntha diski pansi motsatira mzere wowongoka wa mpando mpaka nkhope yotsekera ya diski ikakanikiza mwamphamvu nkhope yotsekera ya mpando. Monga valavu yotsekera mwamphamvu, kupsinjika pakati pa diski ndi mpando kumatsimikizira kutsekedwa ngakhale pansi pa kupanikizika kochepa, zomwe zimaletsa kuyenda.
2. Momwe Kutsegulira:Kuti mutsegule valavu, tsinde limazunguliridwa mozungulira (mwamanja kapena kudzera mu actuator), kukweza diski kuchoka pa mpando ndikupanga mpata. Media ikhoza kuyenda kuchokera ku malo olowera kupita ku malo otulukira kudzera mu mpata uwu. Mwa kulamulira kutalika kwa kukweza kwa diski, kukula kwa mpata—ndipo motero kuchuluka kwa madzi—kungathe kulamulidwa (ntchito yozungulira).
3. Mfundo Zazikulu:Chisindikizocho chimadalira kukhudzana kwa "maso ndi maso" pakati pa diski ndi mpando, mosiyana ndi "kutsetsereka kofanana" kwa zipata m'ma valve a zipata. Kapangidwe kameneka kamapereka kutseka kodalirika kwambiri kakatsekedwa, makamaka pazochitika zomwe zimafuna kutsekeka kwa madzi.

Ubwino ndi Kuipa kwa Globe Valve

Mapangidwe a ma globe valves amawapatsa ubwino waukulu pazochitika zinazake, komanso ali ndi zofooka. Kusankha kuyenera kutengera kuwunika kwathunthu kwa zofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito.

Ubwino wa Ma Valves a Globe

1. Kugwira Ntchito Kwabwino Kwambiri Kosindikiza:Monga valavu yomatidwa mwamphamvu, kuthamanga kwa kutsekereza kumatha kulamulidwa mwachangu, kuonetsetsa kuti kutsekereza kuli kodalirika komanso kupewa kutuluka kwa madzi, ngakhale m'malo opanda mpweya wochepa.
2. Mphamvu Yothamanga Kwambiri:Kuwongolera bwino kayendedwe ka madzi kumachitika posintha kutalika kwa kukweza kwa diski. Izi ndizoyenera pazochitika zomwe zimafuna kusintha kayendedwe ka madzi pafupipafupi ndipo zimachepetsa kukokoloka kwa madzi pa diski ndi mpando, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthawi yogwira ntchito ikhale yayitali.
3. Kapangidwe Kakang'ono, Kukonza Kosavuta:Kapangidwe kake konse ndi kosavuta ndipo mbali zake ndi zochepa, zomwe zimafuna malo ochepa oyika. Zigawo zambiri (monga diski, mpando) zimatha kuchotsedwa payokha ndikusinthidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ndalama zokonzera zichepetse.
4. Mtundu Wonse wa Ntchito:Yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana kuphatikizapo madzi, mafuta, nthunzi, ndi gasi, komanso imatha kupirira kutentha ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu (mitundu yapadera yamphamvu kwambiri yogwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makina a nthunzi).

Zoyipa za Globe Valve

1. Kutaya kwa Kupanikizika Kwambiri:Chifukwa cha kapangidwe ka mpando, komwe kamagwirizana ndi komwe madzi akuyenda, madzi ayenera kusintha njira (kuchokera ku malo olowera kupita ku mpando, kenako kupita ku malo otulukira), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mpweya usokonekere komanso ma vortice ayambe kuyenda bwino. Izi zimapangitsa kuti mpweya utayike kwambiri poyerekeza ndi ma valve a chipata kapena mpira.
2. Sikoyenera Kugwiritsa Ntchito Zinthu Zokhuthala Kwambiri Kapena Zodetsedwa:Zonyansa (monga tinthu tating'onoting'ono, matope) zimatha kukodwa mosavuta pakati pa diski ndi mpando, zomwe zingawononge chisindikizocho. Chophimba champhamvu kwambiri chingayambitse kukana kwa madzi ambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ntchito ikhale yovuta.
3. Mphamvu Yotsegulira/Yotseka Kwambiri:Kulumikizana kwa stem-disc yokhala ndi ulusi ndi kupanikizika kofunikira kotsekera ma valve apakati a globe amafunika mphamvu yogwira ntchito yapamwamba poyerekeza ndi ma valve a chipata, makamaka pakugwiritsa ntchito ma duct akuluakulu kapena amphamvu kwambiri.

Mitundu ya Ma Valves a Globe

Ma valve a Globe akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu osiyanasiyana kutengera zinthu, kapangidwe, ndi njira yoyendetsera, iliyonse yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana.

Kugawa Zinthu ndi Zinthu

• Valavu Yophimba Bellows Seal Globe:Imagwiritsa ntchito kapangidwe ka chisindikizo cha bellows kuti iteteze bwino kuti media ituluke pa tsinde. Yabwino kwambiri pa media ya poizoni, yoyaka moto, kapena yoyera kwambiri (monga mankhwala, mafakitale opanga mankhwala), yomwe imapereka chisindikizo chapamwamba kwambiri.
• Valavu Yophimba Chitsulo cha Carbon:Thupi lake limapangidwa ndi chitsulo cha kaboni (monga Q235, chitsulo cha 20#), chomwe chimapereka mphamvu zabwino komanso kukana kutentha pamtengo wotsika. Choyenera mapaipi wamba a mafakitale (monga madzi, makina otenthetsera), koma chili ndi kukana dzimbiri kochepa.
• Valavu Yopanda Chitsulo Chosapanga Chitsulo:Thupi lake limapangidwa ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri (monga 304, 316), chomwe chimapereka dzimbiri labwino kwambiri komanso kukana kutentha kwambiri. Chimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu zowononga (monga mankhwala, madzi a m'nyanja) kapena m'mafakitale azakudya ndi mankhwala omwe ali ndi zofunikira zambiri zaukhondo.
• Valavu ya Aluminiyamu Yamkuwa Yapadziko Lonse:Thupi lake lapangidwa ndi aluminiyamu yamkuwa, yomwe imapereka kukana kuwonongeka ndi kugwedezeka bwino, komanso kukana dzimbiri. Yoyenera zombo, mainjiniya apanyanja, ndi malo ena okhala ndi chinyezi komanso mchere wambiri.
• Valavu ya Cryogenic Globe:Ma valve amenewa amapangidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo zosapsa ndi cryogenic (monga chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chotentha pang'ono) chokhala ndi zomangira zapadera zomatira, ndipo amagwira ntchito m'malo kuyambira -40°C mpaka -196°C. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mpweya wachilengedwe wosungunuka (LNG), nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi, ndi mapaipi ena ophikira cryogenic.
• Valavu Yotentha Kwambiri:Thupi ndi zida zotsekera zimagwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zotentha kwambiri (monga chitsulo cha chrome-molybdenum, zitsulo zotentha kwambiri), zomwe zimapirira kutentha kopitirira 400°C. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma boiler a nthunzi, makina amafuta otentha kwambiri, ndi makina ena otenthetsera kutentha kwambiri.

Kugawa Magulu ndi Kapangidwe

• Valavu Yozungulira Yowongoka:Mtundu wofala kwambiri, wokhala ndi malo olowera ndi otulukira mumzere wowongoka. Madzimadzi amangosintha njira imodzi yokha, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuthamanga kwa mpweya kuchepe. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'machitidwe osiyanasiyana a mapaipi.
• Valavu ya Globe ya Njira Zitatu:Ili ndi madoko atatu (nthawi zambiri malo olowera amodzi/malo otulutsira awiri kapena malo otulutsira awiri/malo otulutsira amodzi) osinthira kapena kusakaniza kayendedwe ka media. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazochitika zomwe zimafuna kusinthana kwa kayendedwe ka madzi.
• Valavu ya Globe ya Mtundu wa Ngodya:Malo olowera ndi otulukira ali pa ngodya ya 90°, yoyenera kuyikidwa pamakona a mapaipi. Izi zimachepetsa kufunika kwa zigongono za mapaipi ndikusunga malo, omwe amapezeka kwambiri m'zida zazing'ono kapena m'malo otsekeka.

Kugawa ndi Njira Yogwiritsira Ntchito

• Valavu Yozungulira Yopangidwa ndi Manja:Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito gudumu lamanja kapena chowongolera kuti izungulire tsinde. Kapangidwe kosavuta, kotsika mtengo, koyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi komanso mainchesi ang'onoang'ono (≤DN50), monga ma valve amadzi apakhomo kapena mizere yaying'ono ya zida.
• Valavu ya Globe ya Pneumatic:Imagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wopanikizika kuti iyendetse tsinde kudzera mu actuator ya pneumatic. Yankho lachangu, loyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito paokha m'mafakitale a mankhwala, mafuta, ndi mafakitale ena omwe amafuna ntchito yothamanga kwambiri kapena yowongolera kutali.
• Valavu Yozungulira Magetsi:Imagwiritsa ntchito magetsi kuyendetsa tsinde kudzera mu actuator yamagetsi. Yolondola kwambiri, imatha kuphatikizidwa ndi makina a PLC/DCS kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito mwanzeru. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mapaipi akuluakulu, nyumba zazitali, kapena makina odziyimira okha opanda anthu.

Kugawa ndi Ntchito

• Chongani Valavu ya Globe:Zimaphatikiza ntchito za valavu yozungulira ndi valavu yowunikira. Imatha kutseka kuyenda kwa madzi ndikuletsa kubwerera kwa madzi (monga, kuteteza ku nyundo yamadzi pamene pampu yaima). Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamalo otulutsira madzi, makina otenthetsera, ndi zina zomwe zimafuna kupewa kubwerera kwa madzi.

Momwe Mungadziwire Ma Valves a Globe vs. Ma Valves a Chipata ndi Ma Valves Ena

Mu uinjiniya wothandiza, ma valve ozungulira nthawi zambiri amasokonezedwa ndi ma valve a chipata, mpira, cheke, ndi gulugufe. Amatha kuzindikirika mwachangu poyerekeza makhalidwe ofunikira.

Valavu ya Globe vs. Valavu ya Chipata

Valavu ya Globe vs. Valavu ya Mpira

Valavu ya Globe vs. Valavu Yoyang'ana

Valavu ya Globe vs Valavu ya Gulugufe

Kodi Globe Valve Imagwiritsidwa Ntchito Chiyani?

Pogwiritsa ntchito luso lawo lodalirika lotseka ndi kutsekereza, ma valve ozungulira amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

1. Machitidwe a Mapaipi a Mafakitale:Amagwiritsidwa ntchito polamulira zofalitsa nkhani m'mafakitale a mankhwala, mafuta, ndi magetsi—monga, kusiyanitsa/kulamulira kayendedwe ka nthunzi, kuwongolera kusamutsa mankhwala—makamaka komwe kutseka mwamphamvu pa mpweya wochepa ndikofunikira.
2. Kupereka Madzi ndi Ngalande Zomangira:Amagwira ntchito ngati ma valve owongolera magetsi m'mapaipi amadzi ndi otenthetsera m'nyumba/nyumba zamalonda (monga bafa/khitchini) kuti azitha kusintha kayendedwe ka madzi kapena kuzimitsa.
3. Kuphatikiza Zida:Imagwira ntchito ngati ma valve olowera/otulutsira makina monga mapampu, zosinthira kutentha, ndi ma compressor, kulamulira kayendedwe ka media kupita/kuchokera ku chipangizocho ndikuchiteteza (monga, kuletsa kubwerera kwa madzi, kuwongolera kayendedwe ka madzi).
4. Ntchito Zokhudza Kutentha Kwambiri & Kupanikizika Kwambiri:Mitundu yapadera (ma valve a globe otentha kwambiri, opanikizika kwambiri) imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma boiler a nthunzi ndi machitidwe amafuta otenthetsera, pogwiritsa ntchito luso lawo lopirira mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri kuti liwongolere bwino.
5. Makampani Ogulitsa Zakudya ndi Mankhwala:Ma valve a globe osapanga dzimbiri, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi oteteza dzimbiri komanso osavuta kuyeretsa, amagwiritsidwa ntchito potumiza zinthu (monga mankhwala, madzi oyera) komwe kumafunika miyezo ya ukhondo.

Momwe Mungayikitsire Valavu Yozungulira

Kukhazikitsa bwino ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti valavu yozungulira ikhale yogwira ntchito bwino komanso kuti ikhale yogwira ntchito nthawi yayitali. Tsatirani njira izi ndi zodzitetezera.

Kukonzekera Pasadakhale

• Yang'anani Valavu: Tsimikizani kuti chitsanzo cha vavu/mafotokozedwe ake akugwirizana ndi zofunikira paipi (kuchuluka kwa kuthamanga, mtundu wa media, kukula). Yang'anani thupi, diski, ndi mpando kuti muwone ngati zawonongeka kapena zinyalala; onetsetsani kuti malo otsekera ali bwino.
• Tsukani Paipi: Chotsani zinyalala zamkati (dzimbiri, slag yothira) kuti zisakhudze pakati pa diski ndi mpando mutakhazikitsa, zomwe zingawononge chisindikizocho.
• Tsimikizirani Kuyenda kwa Magazi: Ma valve a Globe ndi olunjika mbali imodzi. Thupi nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi muvi wolunjika ku kuyenda kwa madzi (“IN” → “OUT”). Onetsetsani kuti muviwo ukugwirizana ndi kuyenda kwa magetsi enieni; kuyika kumbuyo kudzapangitsa kuti chisindikizo chilephereke.

Masitepe Okhazikitsa

• Kuyika ndi Kukonza:Ikani valavu pakati pa mapeto a chitoliro, kuonetsetsa kuti ili ndi coaxial ndi chitoliro kuti mupewe kupsinjika kwambiri. Chimangeni pogwiritsa ntchito maulumikizidwe opindika kapena opindika (pa zitoliro zopindika, mangani mabotolo mofanana kuti mupewe kusokonekera kwa thupi).
• Chithandizo Chotseka:Pa ma valve opangidwa ndi ulusi, kulungani tepi yomatira ulusi kapena ikani sealant pa ulusiwo. Pa ma valve opangidwa ndi flange, ikani gasket yogwirizana (monga rabala, chitsulo) kuti muwonetsetse kuti kulumikizana sikutuluka madzi.
• Kukhazikitsa kwa Actuator:Pa ma valve odzipangira okha (ogwiritsa ntchito pneumatic, electric), lumikizani ndi kulumikiza actuator ku tsinde kuti igwire ntchito bwino. Lumikizani mawaya owongolera (amagetsi) kapena mizere ya mpweya (ogwiritsa ntchito pneumatic) ndikuchita mayeso ogwira ntchito.

Kuyang'anira Pambuyo Pokhazikitsa

• Mayeso a Pamanja:Mukamaliza kuyika, tembenuzani tsinde pamanja (kapena yatsani choyatsira) kuti muwone ngati chatseguka/kutseka bwino popanda kumamatira.
• Mayeso Otayikira:Ikani cholumikizira mu payipi (kuyesa kuthamanga pang'ono). Yang'anani ngati pali kutuluka kwa madzi m'thupi la valavu ndi malo olumikizira. Ngati mwapeza kutuluka kwa madzi, limbitsaninso maboliti kapena sinthani zotsekera.

Kukonza Ma Vavu a Globe

Kukonza nthawi zonse ndikofunikira kuti ntchitoyo ipitirire komanso kuti igwire ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali komanso modalirika.

Kuyang'anira Nthawi Zonse

• Kuyang'ana Zooneka:Kufufuza kwa sabata iliyonse ngati thupi lanu lili ndi dzimbiri, ming'alu, kutuluka kwa maulumikizidwe, komanso dzimbiri kapena kusintha kwa tsinde.
• Kuyang'ana Ntchito:Gwiritsani ntchito valavu pamanja kapena nokha kamodzi kapena kawiri pamwezi kuti tsinde lisagwire chifukwa chosagwira ntchito, makamaka m'malo okhala ndi chinyezi/kuwononga.
• Kuyang'anira Chisindikizo:Chitani mayeso otulutsa madzi nthawi ndi nthawi (monga, kotala lililonse). Pa mizere yothamanga kwambiri, ikani madzi a sopo pamalo otsekera; thovu limasonyeza kutuluka kwa madzi.

Kuyeretsa ndi Kupaka Mafuta

• Kuyeretsa Thupi:Pukutani kunja nthawi zonse ndi madzi kapena chotsukira chosalowerera kuti muchotse fumbi/mafuta ndikuletsa kuti zinthu zowononga zisaunjikane.
• Kupaka Mafuta a Tsinde:Pakani mafuta odzola ulusi wa tsinde miyezi isanu ndi umodzi iliyonse ndi mafuta oyenera (monga mafuta a graphite, mafuta apadera a valavu) kuti ulusi usamawonongeke komanso kuti ugwire ntchito bwino. Onetsetsani kuti mafutawo akugwirizana ndi zinthu zolumikizira kuti apewe kuipitsidwa.

Kukonzanso ndi Kusintha Zigawo

• Kusintha Chisindikizo:Ngati malo otsekera diski kapena mpando awonongeka kapena akutuluka madzi, chotsani valavu ndikusintha ma seal (mphete ya diski, gasket ya mpando). Mukasintha, bwerezaninso malo otsekera kuti agwirizane bwino.
• Kukonza/Kusintha Tsinde:Ngati tsinde layamba dzimbiri kapena ulusi wawonongeka, pukutani dzimbiri kapena sinthani tsindelo kuti lisagwire ntchito.
• Kusamalira Actuator:Pa ma valve oyendera mpweya, yang'anani nthawi zonse mizere ya mpweya kuti muwone ngati ikutuluka madzi ndi momwe actuator imagwirira ntchito. Pa ma valve amagetsi, yang'anani mawaya owongolera ndi ma mota kuti mupewe kulephera kugwira ntchito chifukwa cha mavuto a drive.

Kukonza Malo Osungirako Zinthu Kwa Nthawi Yaitali

• Ngati valavu yozungulira yasiya kugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali (monga miyezi yopitilira 3), tsekani mavalavu odzipatula pamwamba ndi pansi pa mtsinje, tulutsani zinthu zomwe zili mu payipi, ndikuyika mankhwala oletsa dzimbiri (monga mafuta oletsa dzimbiri) m'thupi lamkati ndi pamalo otsekera. Yang'anani momwe valavu ilili nthawi ndi nthawi.

Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri (Mafunso Ofunsidwa Kawirikawiri)

Nazi mayankho a mafunso ena ofala kwambiri okhudza ma valve a globe.

Kodi chizindikiro cha P&ID cha valavu ya dziko lapansi ndi chiyani?

Chizindikiro chokhazikika cha Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) cha valavu yozungulira chimadziwika ndi ma triangles awiri omwe akulozerana, olumikizidwa ndi mzere womwe ukuyimira njira yoyendera kudzera m'thupi la valavu. Chizindikirocho chikuyimira ntchito ya valavu yozungulira kupanga malo oletsa kuyenda kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino.

Kodi valavu yozungulira ili ndi Flow Directional?

Inde, ma valve a Globe ndi olunjika mbali imodzi, kotero ali nawoKuyenda kwa MalangizoKapangidwe ka mkati mwa diski ndi mpando kamapangidwa kuti katseke bwino mbali imodzi yokha. Thupi la valavu nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi muvi wosonyeza njira yoyenera yoyendera. Kuyika valavu motsatira njira yomwe yatchulidwayi kudzalepheretsa kutseka bwino ndipo kungayambitse kuwonongeka ndi kutuluka kwa madzi mwachangu.

Kodi ma valve a globe angagwiritsidwe ntchito pa makina a nthunzi okwera kwambiri omwe amatentha kwambiri?

Inde. Ma valve a globe ndi chisankho chabwino kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito kutentha kwambiri komanso kuthamanga kwambiri, kuphatikizapo makina a nthunzi. Kapangidwe kake kokakamiza kamatsimikizira kuti zimatsekedwa bwino ngakhale pakakhala zovuta kwambiri. Zipangizo zapadera monga chitsulo cha Chrom-Moly (WC9) ndi zomangira zolimba nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu ma valve a globe ogwira ntchito bwino kuti athe kupirira kutentha ndi kupsinjika kwa ntchito ya nthunzi.

Kodi valavu yozungulira ndi valavu yotseka?

Inde, valavu yozungulira ndi mtundu wa valavu yotseka. Mawu akuti "valavu yotseka" ndi gulu logwira ntchito la valavu iliyonse yopangidwira kuyambitsa kapena kuyimitsa kuyenda kwa madzi. Mavalavu ena odziwika bwino otseka ndi monga mavalavu a chipata, mavalavu a mpira, ndi mavalavu a gulugufe. Ngakhale zonsezi zimatha kuyimitsa kuyenda, valavu yozungulira nthawi zambiri imakondedwa pamene kuphatikiza kodalirika kotseka ndi kulamulira kuyenda kukufunika.

Kodi valavu yozungulira ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati valavu yowongolera?

Vavu yodziwika bwino ya globe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito poyendetsa movutikira m'malo omwe kuwongolera kolondola sikofunikira kwenikweni. Komabe, kuti muwongolere kuyenda kolondola komanso kobwerezabwereza, valavu yodziyimira payokha yolamulira globe imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kusiyana kwakukulu kuli mu kapangidwe ka diski: mavalavu owongolera ali ndi pulagi yolumikizidwa mwapadera kapena diski ya V-port (mosiyana ndi diski yathyathyathya) ndi khola lopangidwa mwapadera, lomwe limalola kuyenda kolondola kwa mzere.