Valavu ya Mpira wa PVC vs Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri, Chitsulo cha Carbon - Momwe Mungasankhire

Kusankha Valavu Yabwino ya Mpira: PVC vs. Chitsulo, Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzimbiri, ndi Chitsulo cha Carbon - Zimene Ndaphunzira Kuchokera M'munda

Kwa zaka 15 zapitazi, ndasintha ma valve ambiri a mpira kuposa momwe ndimafunira kuvomereza. Ndipo zoona zake n'zakuti? Zolephera zambiri zimabwera chifukwa cha kulakwitsa kumodzi: kusankha zinthu zolakwika.Valavu ya mpira wa PVCZingagwire ntchito bwino kwambiri pa skid yoyezera mankhwala - koma ikani pamzere wa nthunzi, ndipo mudzakhala ndi chisokonezo chosungunuka pakatha mphindi khumi. Kumbali ina, avalavu ya mpira wa chitsulo cha kabonindi yolimba komanso yotsika mtengo, koma muiike panja mvula ikagwa kwa kanthawi, ndipo idzawoneka ngati nangula wochita dzimbiri.

Kotero ndikuloleni ndikufotokozereni zomwe ndimaganizira posankha pakati paPVC, chitsulo chambiri, chitsulo chosapanga dzimbirindimavavu a mpira wachitsulo cha kaboniPalibe chopusa. Chokhacho chomwe chimagwira ntchito, chomwe sichigwira ntchito, ndi komwe ndaona anthu akupsa.

Valavu ya Mpira wa PVC: Yabwino kwambiri pa mankhwala, yopanda ntchito pa kutentha

Ndinathandizapo kampani yaying'ono yopangira ma plating kuti igwiritse ntchito njira yawo yosamutsira asidi. Iwo ankafuna kuti ikhale yotsika mtengo, choncho tinagwiritsa ntchitoValavu ya mpira wa PVCndi zolinga za true-unity. Zimenezi zinali zaka zisanu zapitazo - zikugwirabe ntchito. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa PVC sichisamala za hydrochloric acid kapena sodium hypochlorite. Sichikhudzidwa ndi mitundu yambiri ya mankhwala amphamvu.

Zimene ndimakonda:

• Kukana dzimbiri kosagonjetseka pamtengo wake.

• Chopepuka mokwanira kugwira ndi dzanja limodzi.

• Palibe vuto la galvanic mukalumikizidwa ndi chitoliro cha PVC kapena CPVC.

Zimene ndimadana nazo:

• Kutentha. Kodi pali chilichonse choposa 140°F (60°C) ndipo valavuyo imafewa. Kodi pansi pa kuzizira? Imafooka. Ndaona valavu ya PVC ikusweka ngati galasi pambuyo pa kuzizira kosayembekezereka.

• Kupanikizika kochepa - sungani pansi pa 230 psi kapena kuposerapo.

• Kuwala kwa dzuwa kumapha PVC wamba. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito panja, lipirani ndalama zowonjezera kuti mugwiritse ntchito UV-stabilized.

Pamene ndikunena izi:

Kukonza madzi, kumwa mankhwala, ulimi wa m'madzi, mapaipi a dziwe losambira. Osagwiritsa ntchito nthunzi, mafuta otentha, mpweya wopitirira 150 psi.

Valavu ya Mpira Yopanda Chitsulo Chosapanga Chitsulo – The Workhorse (304 vs. 316)

Ndikanatha kusunga mtundu umodzi wa valavu mgalimoto yanga, ikanakhalavalavu ya mpira wachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri. Makamaka 316 zosapanga dzimbiri. Chifukwa chiyani? Chifukwa imagwira ntchito pafupifupi chilichonse kupatula hydrochloric acid yotentha ndi zinthu zina zoyipa kwambiri zophera okosijeni.

Ndikukumbukira chomera chodyera chomwe chinkasintha ma valve a carbon steel pa chitoliro chotentha cha CIP (choyera pamalo pake). Ma valvewo ankachita dzimbiri mkati ndikuipitsa chinthucho. Tinasintha kupita ku ma valve 316 osapanga dzimbiri - vuto latha. Pamwamba pake posalala sigwira mabakiteriya, ndipo zotsukira sizimavulaza.

Ubwino womwe mungadalire:

• Kutentha kumasiyana kuyambira -20°F mpaka 450°F (ndi mipando ya PTFE yokhazikika). Mitundu yapadera yotenthetsera kwambiri imakwera kwambiri.

• Kupanikizika mpaka 1,000–6,000+ psi kutengera kapangidwe kake.

• 316 SS ili ndi molybdenum - ndiye bwenzi lanu la madzi a m'nyanja kapena malo okhala ndi chloride.

Zovuta (nkhani yeniyeni):

• Ndi yokwera mtengo. Vavu ya mpira ya mainchesi 2 316 ikhoza kuwononga ndalama zokwana 5–10 kuposa valavu ya PVC.

• Zolemera. Zothandizira paipi yanu ziyenera kukhala zolimba.

• 304 yosapanga dzimbiri imatha kusweka mu ntchito yotentha ya chloride - ndinaphunzira zimenezo mwanjira yovuta pa ntchito ya m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Gwiritsani ntchito 316 pa chilichonse chomwe chili pafupi ndi madzi amchere.

Lamulo langa:

Ngati madziwo ndi owononga, otentha, kapena akufunika kukhala oyera (chakudya/mankhwala), ndimakhala osapanga dzimbiri. Ngati ndalama zili zochepa ndipo madziwo si amphamvu kwambiri, ndingaganizire za carbon steel.

Vavu ya Mpira ya Chitsulo cha Carbon - Yamphamvu, yotsika mtengo, koma imachita dzimbiri

Tiyeni timveke bwino: avalavu ya mpira wa chitsulo cha kabonisi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Ndaona mainjiniya atsopano akuganiza kuti “chitsulo ndi chitsulo” ndipo amaika valavu yachitsulo cha kaboni pa chingwe cha mpweya chonyowa. Patatha miyezi isanu ndi umodzi, chimagwidwa kapena kutuluka m'thupi.

Komabe, chitsulo cha kaboni chili ndi malo ake - chachikulu. M'malo oyeretsera mafuta, mapaipi a gasi wachilengedwe, ndi makina oyeretsera nthunzi, chitsulo cha kaboni ndiye chinthu chokhazikika pazifukwa zina. Chimagwira ntchito ndi kuthamanga kwamphamvu (mpaka 1,500+ psi) ndipo kutentha kwake kumafika 800°F ndi kukonzedwa bwino.

Zabwino:

• Yamphamvu kwambiri kuposa PVC.

• Mtengo wake ndi wotsika kuposa wosapanga dzimbiri.

• Yosunthika, yopangidwa ndi makina, yosavuta kuiyika m'makulidwe akuluakulu (mpaka 48”).

Choyipa (ndipo ndi choipa):

• Dzimbiri. Kodi mumakhala ndi chinyezi, chinyezi, kapena asidi? Mudzawona mizere yofiirira pakatha milungu ingapo.

• Osagwiritsa ntchito madzi a m'nyanja, chlorine, kapena ma acid.

• Chitsulo chokhazikika cha kaboni chimasweka pansi pa -20°F - ndatulutsa ma valve osweka kuchokera mufiriji. Gwiritsani ntchito ma grade otsika kutentha (LF2) ngati kuli kozizira.

Kumene ndimagwiritsa ntchito:

Mpweya wouma, mafuta amafuta, nthunzi (yokhuta kapena yotentha kwambiri), mpweya wopanikizika womwe wauma, ndi mitsinje yamadzi amoto yomwe imasungidwa youma kapena yokutidwa mkati.

Valavu ya Mpira ya Chitsulo Chachikulu - kodi zimenezo zikutanthauza chiyani?

Teremuyovalavu ya mpira wachitsulosizimveka bwino. Nthawi zina zimatanthauza chitsulo cha kaboni. Nthawi zina zimakhala chitsulo chopanda aloyi ngati chitsulo chopangidwa ndi A105. Ndipo nthawi zina - samalani - ndi valavu yotsika mtengo yachitsulo chopangidwa ndi chitsulo chokhala ndi khalidwe lokayikitsa.

Nthawi zambiri ndimaona "valavu yachitsulo" ngati mtundu wa chitsulo cha kaboni chomwe sichimawononga zinthu. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa kapena zapakati. Ganizirani 300–1,500 psi, kutentha pansi pa 400°F, madzi oyera kapena mafuta. Koma ngati muli ndi chiopsezo cha dzimbiri, pitani ku chosapanga dzimbiri kapena pemphani mtundu wa epoxy.

Chitsanzo chimodzi: makina otenthetsera nyumba yosungiramo zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha. Anagwiritsa ntchito ma valve achitsulo wamba opanda zingwe. Patatha zaka ziwiri, kunatuluka madzi m'mabowo ang'onoang'ono. Anasinthidwa ndi mkuwa (kapena wosapanga dzimbiri) ndipo anathetsa vutoli. Moral: dziwani tanthauzo lenileni la "chitsulo".

Momwe Ndimasankhira - Njira Yosavuta Yosankhira

Iwalani matebulo aatali kwa kanthawi. Nayi zomwe zimandichitikira munthu wina akafunsa malangizo okhudza valavu ya mpira:

1. Kodi madzi ake ndi chiyani?

   • Asidi, caustic, madzi amchere, chlorine →PVC(ngati kutentha kuli <140°F) kapena316 chosapanga dzimbiri(ngati kutentha/kupanikizika kwambiri).

   • Mafuta, gasi, nthunzi youma →Chitsulo cha kabonikapena chitsulo chambiri.

   • Chakudya, mowa, mankhwala →Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, palibe funso.

2. Kuli kotentha bwanji?

   • Kupitirira 140°F? Palibe PVC.

   • Kupitirira 450°F? Mipando yokhazikika yosapanga dzimbiri (PTFE) imalephera kugwira ntchito. Mukufunika chitsulo cha kaboni chokhala ndi mipando yapadera (PEEK, chitsulo).

   • Pansi pa 32°F? PVC imasweka - gwiritsani ntchito chitsulo kapena chosapanga dzimbiri.

3. Kupanikizika kotani?

   • Kupitirira 230 psi → kuiwala PVC.

   • Kupitirira 1,500 psi → chitsulo cha kaboni kapena chosapanga dzimbiri chopangidwa.

4. Malo akunja kapena onyowa?

   • Mvula, chinyezi, gombe → gwiritsani ntchito zosapanga dzimbiri (316 ngati zili pafupi ndi mchere). Chitsulo cha kaboni chidzachita dzimbiri mwachangu pokhapokha ngati chapakidwa utoto bwino ndikukhudzidwa nthawi zonse.

5. Kuwunika zenizeni za bajeti

   • PVC ndi yotsika mtengo koma yochepa.

   • Chitsulo cha kaboni ndicho chotsatira - mtengo wabwino pa ntchito zouma.

   • Zosapanga dzimbiri ndi zodula koma zimatha kwa zaka zambiri. Ndasintha ma valve osapanga dzimbiri omwe akhala akugwirabe ntchito bwino.

Tebulo Loyerekeza Mwachangu (Pepala Lonyenga la Mainjiniya)

Maphunziro Ochepa Ochokera ku Sukulu ya Hard Knocks

• Musasakanize zitsulo popanda kuganiza.Ngati mulumikiza valavu ya mpira wachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ku chitoliro chachitsulo cha kaboni mu dongosolo lonyowa, mudzalandira dzimbiri la galvanic pa ulusiwo. Gwiritsani ntchito mayunitsi a dielectric.

• Ulusi wa PVC ndi wofooka.Ndaona ma valve a mpira a PVC omangika kwambiri akusweka pomwe pali cholumikizira. Gwiritsani ntchito tepi ya PTFE ndipo imani pamene yakhazikika - osati "yolimba kwambiri."

• Yang'anani nthawi zonse zinthu zomwe zili pampando.Valavu yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri yokhala ndi mipando ya Buna-N singathe kupirira kutentha kwambiri, ngakhale thupi litakhala ndi kutentha. PTFE (Teflon) ndiye njira yotetezeka kwambiri yogwiritsira ntchito.

• Sungani zina.Ndakhala ndikudikira kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi kuti ndipeze valavu yapadera ya alloy ball. Ngati ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri, sungani ina yowonjezera - makamaka ya chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri kapena cha carbon mu kukula kosiyana.

Kutenga Komaliza

Palibe valavu ya mpira ya universal.Valavu ya mpira wa PVCZimapambana pamtengo ndi kukana mankhwala - koma pokhapokha ngati mutakhala chete komanso mutakhala ndi mphamvu yochepa.valavu ya mpira wachitsulo chosapanga dzimbirindi chinthu chomwe ndimakonda kwambiri pa chilichonse choopsa, chotentha, kapena choyera.valavu ya mpira wa chitsulo cha kaboniakadali mfumu ya mafakitale oyeretsera mafuta ndi mpweya woipa kwambiri. Ndipo genericvalavu ya mpira wachitsuloZabwino pa ntchito zoyambira, koma werengani zolemba zazing'ono.

Ngati mukukayika, lembani kutentha kwanu kwakukulu, kutentha kochepa, kapangidwe ka madzi, ndi kuthamanga kwa mpweya. Kenako imbani wogulitsa ndikufunsani kuti “mungayike chiyani pa pompu yanu?” Ambiri adzakupatsani yankho loona mtima - ndipo yankho limenelo nthawi zambiri limakhala ndi valavu yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri ngati bajeti ilola.

Kodi muli ndi pulogalamu yovuta? Siyani tsatanetsatane pansipa - ndikuuzeni zomwe ndingagwiritse ntchito ndipo, chofunika kwambiri, zomwe ndawona zalephera.