Kodi Valavu Yotseka (SDV) ndi chiyani?

Kodi ndi chiyaniValavu Yotseka

Valavu Yotseka (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti SDV kapena Emergency Shutdown Valve, ESV, ESD, kapenaESDV) ndi valavu yoyendetsedwa yomwe idapangidwa kuti iyimitse kuyenda kwa madzi oopsa akapezeka kuti pali ngozi.

yake imapereka chitetezo ku ngozi zomwe zingachitike kwa anthu, zida kapena chilengedwe. Ma valve otseka ndi gawo la Chitetezo Chogwiritsa Ntchito Zida. Njira yoperekera chitetezo chodziyimira payokha ikapezeka ngozi imatchedwa Functional Safety.

Mitundu ya Valavu Yotseka

Zamadzimadzi, zitsulo zokhala pansimavavu a mpiraamagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ma valavu otseka (SDV). Kugwiritsa ntchito ma valavu achitsulo okhala ndi mpira kumabweretsa ndalama zochepa poganizira kutayika kwa kupanga ndi katundu, komanso ndalama zokonzera ma valavu zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito ma valavu ofewa okhala ndi mpira omwe ali ndi mtengo wotsika woyambira.

Ma valve oyenda molunjika, monga ma valve ozungulira, nthawi zambiri amakhala ma valve oyenda molunjika. Ma valve oyenda molunjika ndi ma valve omwe amataya mphamvu zochepa chifukwa cha kugwedezeka pang'ono kwa madzi. Njira zoyendamo zimadutsa molunjika. Ma valve oyenda mozungulira, ma valve a gulugufe ndi ma valve a mpira ndi zitsanzo zabwino.

Pakutseka mpweya wolowa, mitundu iwiri yosiyana imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, mwachitsanzo ma valve a butterfly ndi swing gate kapena ma valve a guillotine. Chifukwa injini za dizilo zimayatsa mafuta pogwiritsa ntchito compression m'malo mwa electronic ignition, kutseka gwero la mafuta ku injini ya dizilo sikungalepheretse injini kugwira ntchito.

Ngati mpweya wa hydrocarbon wakunja, monga mpweya wa methane, uli mumlengalenga, ukhoza kuyamwa mu injini ya dizilo zomwe zimapangitsa kuti injiniyo iyambe kuthamanga kwambiri kapena kugwedezeka kwambiri, zomwe zingayambitse kulephera kwakukulu komanso kuphulika. Ma valve a ESD akayatsidwa, amaletsa kuyenda kwa mpweya ndikuletsa kulephera kumeneku.

Mitundu ya Kuchitapo Kanthu

Popeza ma valve otseka ndi gawo la SIS. Ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito valve pogwiritsa ntchito actuator.

Ma actuator awa nthawi zambiri amakhala amtundu wa mphamvu yamadzimadzi yotetezeka.

Zitsanzo zodziwika bwino za izi ndi izi:

Silinda ya pneumatic

Silinda yamadzimadzi

Choyatsira chamagetsi ndi madzi

Kuwonjezera pa mtundu wa madzimadzi, ma actuator amasiyananso momwe mphamvu imasungidwira kuti igwire ntchito valavu ikafunika motere:

Silinda imodzi yokha– Kapena kubwerera kwa masika komwe mphamvu imasungidwa pogwiritsa ntchito masika opanikizika

Silinda yogwira ntchito kawiri- Mphamvu imasungidwa pogwiritsa ntchito kuchuluka kwa madzi opanikizika

Mtundu wa mphamvu yofunikira imadalira ntchito, malo ogwirira ntchito komanso malo enieni omwe alipo ngakhale kuti ma actuator ambiri omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ma valve otseka ndi amtundu wa masika obwerera chifukwa cha kulephera kwa machitidwe obwerera kwa masika.

Kuyeza Magwiridwe Antchito

Kwamavavu otsekaPogwiritsa ntchito zida zodzitetezera, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti valavuyo imatha kupereka magwiridwe antchito ofunikira komanso kuti valavuyo imagwira ntchito nthawi iliyonse ikafunika.

Mulingo wofunikira wa magwiridwe antchito umalamulidwa ndi Mulingo Wodalirika Wachitetezo (SIL). Kuti mutsatire mulingo uwu wa magwiridwe antchito, ndikofunikira kuyesa valavu. Pali mitundu iwiri ya njira zoyesera zomwe zilipo.Kuyesa umboni

- Kuyesa kwamanja komwe kumalola wogwiritsa ntchito kudziwa ngati valavu ili "yabwino ngati yatsopano" poyesa njira zonse zolephera ndipo kumafuna kutseka kwa fakitale.Mayeso Ozindikira Matenda

- Kuyesa kodziyimira pawokha pa intaneti komwe kudzazindikira kuchuluka kwa njira zomwe valavu yozimitsa moto ingalepheretse. Chitsanzo cha izi pavalavu yozimitsa moto chingakhale kuyesa kwa sitiroko pang'ono. Chitsanzo cha chipangizo choyesera sitiroko pang'ono cha makina.