Kodi Valavu Yotseka Ndi Chiyani: Buku Lothandiza Poteteza Mapaipi

A tsekani valavundi gawo lofunika kwambiri m'mapaipi opangidwa kuti azilamulira kuyenda kwa madzi kapena mpweya. Mwa kutsegula, kutseka, kapena kutsekereza pang'ono njira, mavalavu awa amaonetsetsa kuti zinthu zili bwino, amawongolera kuthamanga kwa madzi, komanso amaletsa kutuluka kwa madzi. Kaya m'mapaipi okhala m'nyumba, m'mafakitale, kapena m'mapaipi amafuta ndi gasi, mavalavu otsekedwa ndi ofunikira kwambiri pakugwira bwino ntchito kwa makina komanso kuyang'anira zadzidzidzi.

Mitundu ya Ma Valves Otseka

Ma valve otsekedwa amabwera m'njira zosiyanasiyana, iliyonse yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwanjira inayake. Nayi mitundu yodziwika bwino:

Valavu ya Mpira

Valavu ya mpira imagwiritsa ntchito mpira wozungulira wokhala ndi bowo kuti iyendetse kayendedwe ka madzi. Imakhala yozimitsa mwachangu, yolimba, komanso yotsika pang'ono. Ndi yabwino kwambiri pamakina amadzi, gasi, ndi mafuta.

Valavu ya Chipata

Ma valve a chipata ali ndi chipata chooneka ngati wedge chomwe chimakweza kuti chilole madzi kuyenda bwino. Ndi abwino kwambiri poyendetsa ndikuyatsa magetsi m'malo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pafupipafupi, monga mizere yoperekera madzi.

Valavu ya Globe

Ma valve ozungulira omwe amadziwika ndi malamulo olondola a kayendedwe ka madzi, amagwiritsa ntchito njira ya disc ndi mpando. Yodziwika bwino m'makina a HVAC ndi mapaipi amafuta.

Valavu ya Gulugufe

Vavu yaying'ono komanso yopepuka yokhala ndi diski yozungulira. Vavu ya gulugufe ndi yabwino kwambiri pochiza madzi ndi kuteteza moto.

Valavu Yowunikira

Imalola kuyenda mbali imodzi yokha, kuletsa kubwerera kwa madzi. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'machitidwe a zimbudzi ndi m'mizere yotulutsira madzi m'mapampu.

Valavu ya Diaphragm

Amagwiritsa ntchito diaphragm yosinthasintha kuti atulutse madzi otuluka. Ndi abwino kwambiri pokonza zinthu zowononga kapena zotayira madzi.

Valavu ya Singano

Yopangidwa kuti ilamulire bwino kayendedwe ka madzi pogwiritsa ntchito chopondera chonga singano. Chodziwika bwino mu zida zamagetsi ndi makina a hydraulic.

ESDV (Vavu Yotseka Mwadzidzidzi)

Valavu yapadera yotsekera mwachangu panthawi yamavuto, nthawi zambiri yodziyimira yokha. Yofunika kwambiri m'malo oyeretsera mafuta ndi mapaipi a gasi.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ma Valves Otseka

Ma valve otsekedwa amagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana:

- Kumakomo: Patulani madzi panthawi yokonza (monga ma valve a mpira pansi pa masinki).
- Zamakampani: Kuwongolera nthunzi, mankhwala, kapena mafuta (ma globe valves, ma diaphragm valves).
- Mafuta ndi GasiOnetsetsani kuti muli otetezeka ndi ma ESDV mukatuluka madzi kapena kuthamanga kwa mpweya.
- Chitetezo cha MotoMa valve a gulugufe amathandiza kuyendetsa madzi mwachangu m'makina opopera madzi.
- MankhwalaMa valve a singano amasunga kulondola pakugwiritsa ntchito madzi.

Kodi Ma Valves Otseka Amagwira Ntchito Bwanji?

Njira yogwiritsira ntchito imasiyana malinga ndi mtundu koma ikutsatira mfundo yaikulu:

1. Kuchitapo kanthuMa valve amayendetsedwa ndi manja (gudumu lamanja, lever) kapena okha (magetsi/pneumatic actuators).

2. Kulamulira Kuyenda kwa Madzi:

–Ma Vavu a Mpira/Gulugufe: Tembenuzani 90° kuti mutsegule/kutseka.
–Ma Vavulo a Chipata/Globe: Kuyenda kwa mzere kumakweza/kutsitsa chipata kapena diski.
–Ma Valuvu Oyang'anira: Yembekezerani kuthamanga kwa madzi kuti mutsegule/kutseka.

3. Kutseka: Zomatira zolimba (labala, PTFE) zimaletsa kutuluka kwa madzi zikatsekedwa.

Kusankha Valavu Yoyenera

Kusankha valve yotseka kumadalira zinthu monga:

- Mtundu wa MadzimadziMadzi owononga amafuna ma valavu a diaphragm; mpweya umagwirizana ndi ma valavu a mpira.
- Kupanikizika/Kutentha: Makina amphamvu kwambiri amafunika ma ESDV olimba kapena ma valve a chipata.
- Kuchuluka kwa Kugwiritsa NtchitoMa valve a mpira amakhala nthawi yayitali mu ntchito zozungulira kwambiri.

Mapeto

Kuyambira ma ESDV omwe ali m'malo oopsa mpaka ma valve osavuta a mpira m'nyumba, ma valve otsekedwa ndi maziko a machitidwe owongolera madzi. Kumvetsetsa mitundu yawo, kagwiritsidwe ntchito kawo, ndi makina awo kumatsimikizira magwiridwe antchito abwino komanso chitetezo. Kusamalira nthawi zonse komanso kusankha ma valve molondola kumawonjezera moyo wautali wa makinawo.