1. Chiyambi cha Ma Valves a Cryogenic
Ma valve a Cryogenicndi ma valve opangidwa mwapadera omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito powongolera kuyenda kwa madzi ozizira kwambiri ndi mpweya, nthawi zambiri kutentha komwe kuli pansi pa kutentha-40°C (-40°F)Ma valve awa ndi ofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito m'mafakitalempweya wachilengedwe wosungunuka (LNG), nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi, mpweya, haidrojeni, ndi heliamu, komwe ma valve wamba angalephere chifukwa cha kutentha, kufooka kwa zinthu, kapena kulephera kwa chisindikizo.
Kuti zitsimikizire kuti ntchito yake ndi yotetezeka komanso yothandiza, ma valve a cryogenic amapangidwa ndi zipangizo zapadera, ma tsinde otambasuka, ndi njira zapadera zotsekera kuti zipirire kutentha kochepa kwambiri popanda kutuluka kapena kulephera kwa makina.
2. Makhalidwe Ofunika a Ma Valves a Cryogenic
Mosiyana ndi ma valve achikhalidwe, ma valve a cryogenic ali ndi zinthu zinazake zomwe zingagwiritsidwe ntchito polimbana ndi kuzizira kwambiri:
2.1 Bonnet Yowonjezera (Kuwonjezera kwa Tsinde)
- Zimaletsa kusamutsa kutentha kuchokera ku chilengedwe kupita ku thupi la valavu, kuchepetsa kupangika kwa ayezi.
- Imasunga chopakira ndi choyeretsera kutentha kozungulira kuti zitsimikizire kuti zikugwira ntchito bwino.
2.2 Zipangizo Zapadera Zotsekera
- NtchitoPTFE (Teflon), graphite, kapena zisindikizo zachitsulokuti asunge kutsekedwa bwino ngakhale kutentha kwambiri.
- Zimaletsa kutuluka kwa madzi, zomwe ndizofunikira kwambiri pa mpweya woopsa monga LNG kapena mpweya wamadzimadzi.
2.3 Zipangizo Zolimba za Thupi
- Yopangidwa kuchokerachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri (SS316, SS304L), zitsulo zamkuwa, kapena nickelkukana kufooka.
- Ma valve ena a cryogenic okhala ndi mphamvu yamphamvu amagwiritsa ntchitochitsulo chopangidwakuti mupeze mphamvu zowonjezera.
2.4 Kuteteza Vacuum (Ngati mukufuna kuzizira kwambiri)
- Ma valve ena ali ndi mawonekedwemajekete opumira okhala ndi mipanda iwirikuchepetsa kutentha komwe kumalowa m'malo ogwiritsira ntchito kutentha kochepa kwambiri.
3. Kugawa Ma Valves a Cryogenic
3.1 Ndi Kutentha Kwambiri
| Gulu | Kuchuluka kwa Kutentha | Mapulogalamu |
| Ma Valves Otentha Kwambiri | -40°C mpaka -100°C (-40°F mpaka -148°F) | LPG (propane, butane) |
| Ma Valves a Cryogenic | -100°C mpaka -196°C (-148°F mpaka -320°F) | Nayitrogeni yamadzimadzi, mpweya, argon |
| Ma Valves a Ultra-Cryogenic | Pansi pa -196°C (-320°F) | Hydrojeni yamadzimadzi, heliamu |
3.2 Ndi Mtundu wa Valavu
- Ma Valves a Mpira wa Cryogenic- Zabwino kwambiri pozimitsa mwachangu; zimapezeka kwambiri m'makina a LNG ndi gasi a mafakitale.
- Ma Valves a Chipata cha Cryogenic- Imagwiritsidwa ntchito potsegula/kutseka kwathunthu popanda kutsika kwambiri kwa mphamvu.
- Ma Valves a Cryogenic Globe- Perekani njira yolondola yoyendetsera kayendedwe ka madzi m'mapaipi a cryogenic.
- Ma Valves Oyang'anira Cryogenic- Pewani kubwerera kwa madzi m'makina otentha kwambiri.
- Ma Valves a Gulugufe Okhala ndi Cryogenic- Yopepuka komanso yaying'ono, yoyenera mapaipi akuluakulu.
3.3 Pogwiritsa Ntchito
- Ma Vavu a LNG- Gwiritsani ntchito gasi wachilengedwe wosungunuka pa-162°C (-260°F).
- Ndege ndi Chitetezo- Amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu makina opangira mafuta a roketi (hydrogen ndi oxygen yamadzimadzi).
- Zachipatala & Sayansi- Amapezeka mu makina a MRI ndi malo osungira zinthu zobisika.
- Kukonza Gasi la Mafakitale- Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale olekanitsa mpweya (mpweya, nayitrogeni, argon).
4. Ubwino wa Ma Valves a Cryogenic
✔Kugwira Ntchito Kosataya Madzi- Kutseka kwapamwamba kumateteza kutuluka kwa mpweya koopsa.
✔Kugwira Ntchito Mwachangu kwa Kutentha- Maboneti otambalala ndi zotetezera kutentha zimachepetsa kutentha.
✔Kulimba- Zipangizo zapamwamba kwambiri zimalimbana ndi ming'alu ndi kusweka.
✔Kutsatira Malamulo a Chitetezo- KukumanaASME, BS, ISO, ndi APImiyezo yogwiritsira ntchito cryogenic.
✔Kusamalira Kochepa- Yopangidwira kudalirika kwa nthawi yayitali m'mikhalidwe yovuta.
5. Kusiyana Kwakukulu Pakati pa Ma Valves a Cryogenic ndi Omwe Ali Odziwika
| Mbali | Ma Valves a Cryogenic | Ma Valves Achizolowezi |
| Kuchuluka kwa Kutentha | Pansipa-40°C (-40°F) | Pamwamba-20°C (-4°F) |
| Zipangizo | Chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri, nickel alloys, mkuwa | Chitsulo cha kaboni, chitsulo chosungunuka, pulasitiki |
| Mtundu wa Chisindikizo | Zisindikizo za PTFE, graphite, kapena zitsulo | Rabala, EPDM, kapena elastomers yokhazikika |
| Kapangidwe ka Tsinde | Boneti yotambasulidwakupewa icing | Kutalika kwa tsinde lokhazikika |
| Kuyesa | Kuyesa kotsimikizira cryogenic (nayitrogeni wamadzimadzi) | Kuyesa kuthamanga kwa mpweya m'mlengalenga |
Mapeto
Ma valve a Cryogenicndi ofunikira kwambiri m'mafakitale omwe amagwiritsa ntchito madzi otentha kwambiri. Kapangidwe kawo kapadera—kokhala ndimaboni otambasulidwa, zisindikizo zogwira ntchito bwino, ndi zipangizo zolimba—zimatsimikizira kuti zimagwira ntchito bwino komanso motetezeka m'mikhalidwe yovuta kwambiri. Kumvetsetsa magulu awo, ubwino, ndi kusiyana kwa mavavu wamba kumathandiza kusankha valavu yoyenera yogwiritsira ntchito cryogenic.
Nthawi yotumizira: Julayi-08-2025