Mu dongosolo lotumizira madzi,Vavu Yotentha Kwambirindi gawo lofunika kwambiri lowongolera, lomwe makamaka limagwira ntchito zowongolera, kusinthasintha, kuletsa kubwerera m'mbuyo, kudula, ndi shunt. Valavuyi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale ndi m'maboma. Valavu yotenthetsera kwambiri ndi mtundu womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mavavu. Makhalidwe ake enieni ndi awa: magwiridwe antchito abwino ozimitsa, kuzimitsa kozama kumatha kuchitika; kusinthasintha bwino; kuyamwa bwino kwa mphamvu, n'kovuta kuiwononga ndi chiwawa; Kufooka kwa mtima kumakhala kochepa ndi zina zotero. Pali mitundu yambiri ya mavavu otenthetsera kwambiri. Odziwika kwambiri ndi kutentha kwambiriMa valve a gulugufekutentha kwambiriMa valve a mpira, zosefera zotentha kwambiri, ndi zotentha kwambiriMa valve a chipata.
Kodi Mitundu ya Ma Valves a Kutentha Kwambiri ndi Chiyani?
Ma valve otentha kwambiri amaphatikizapo ma valve a chipata otentha kwambiri, ma valve otseka kutentha kwambiri, ma valve owunikira kutentha kwambiri, ma valve a mpira otentha kwambiri, ma valve a gulugufe otentha kwambiri, ma valve a singano otentha kwambiri, ma valve otulutsa mpweya otentha kwambiri, ndi ma valve ochepetsa kuthamanga kwa mpweya. Pakati pawo, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi ma valve a chipata, ma valve a globe, ma valve owunikira, ma valve a mpira ndi ma valve a gulugufe.
Kodi Ma Valves Otentha Kwambiri Ndi Otani?
Mikhalidwe yogwirira ntchito yotentha kwambiri imaphatikizapo kutentha pang'ono, kutentha kwakukulu Ⅰ, kutentha kwakukulu Ⅱ, kutentha kwakukulu Ⅲ, kutentha kwakukulu Ⅳ, ndi kutentha kwakukulu Ⅴ, zomwe zidzafotokozedwa padera pansipa.
Kutentha kochepa kwambiri
Kutentha kochepa kumatanthauza kuti kutentha kwa valavu kuli m'dera la 325 ～ 425 ℃. Ngati chogwiriracho ndi madzi ndi nthunzi, WCB, WCC, A105, WC6 ndi WC9 zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Ngati chogwiriracho ndi mafuta okhala ndi sulfure, C5, CF8, CF3, CF8M, CF3M, ndi zina zotero, zomwe sizimakhudzidwa ndi dzimbiri la sulfide, zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri muzipangizo zochepetsera mpweya ndi kupanikizika komanso zida zochepetsera kuzizira m'mafakitale oyeretsera. Pakadali pano, mavalavu opangidwa ndi CF8, CF8M, CF3 ndi CF3M sagwiritsidwa ntchito polimbana ndi dzimbiri la mayankho a asidi, koma amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zamafuta okhala ndi sulfure ndi mapaipi amafuta ndi gasi. Pachifukwa ichi, kutentha kwakukulu kogwira ntchito kwa CF8, CF8M, CF3 ndi CF3M ndi 450 ° C.
Kutentha kwambiri Ⅰ
Pamene kutentha kwa valavu kuli 425 ～ 550 ℃, ndi kalasi yotentha kwambiri I (yotchedwa kalasi ya PI). Chinthu chachikulu cha valavu ya PI grade ndi "chitsulo chotentha kwambiri Ⅰ grade medium carbon chromium nickel rare earth titanium chapamwamba kwambiri chosagwira kutentha" chokhala ndi CF8 ngati mawonekedwe oyambira mu muyezo wa ASTMA351. Chifukwa kalasi ya PI ndi dzina lapadera, lingaliro la chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri chotentha kwambiri (P) likuphatikizidwa pano. Chifukwa chake, ngati chogwirira ntchito ndi madzi kapena nthunzi, ngakhale chitsulo chotentha kwambiri WC6 (t≤540 ℃) kapena WC9 (t≤570 ℃) chingagwiritsidwenso ntchito, pomwe zinthu zamafuta zokhala ndi sulfure zingagwiritsidwenso ntchito chitsulo chotentha kwambiri C5 (ZG1Cr5Mo), koma sizingatchulidwe kuti PI-class pano.
Kutentha kwakukulu II
Kutentha kwa valavu yogwira ntchito ndi 550 ～ 650 ℃, ndipo imagawidwa ngati kutentha kwambiri Ⅱ (kotchedwa P Ⅱ). Vavu yotenthetsera kwambiri ya PⅡ imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu chipangizo chopangira mafuta olemera cha fakitale yoyeretsera. Ili ndi valavu yotchinga yolimba yolimba yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu nozzle yozungulira katatu ndi zina. Zida zazikulu za valavu ya PⅡ ndi "chitsulo cholimba cha kutentha kwambiri Ⅱ grade medium carbon chromium nickel rare earth titanium tantalum reinforced heat-resistant" chokhala ndi CF8 ngati mawonekedwe oyambira mu ASTMA351 standard.
Kutentha kwakukulu III
Kutentha kwa valavu yogwira ntchito ndi 650 ～ 730 ℃, ndipo imagawidwa ngati kutentha kwakukulu III (kotchedwa PⅢ). Mavalavu otentha kwambiri a kalasi PⅢ amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka m'magawo akuluakulu olemera ophera mafuta m'mafakitale oyeretsera. Zipangizo zazikulu za valavu yotentha kwambiri ya kalasi PⅢ ndi CF8M yochokera ku ASTMA351.
Kutentha kwambiri Ⅳ
Kutentha kwa valavu yogwira ntchito ndi 730 ～ 816 ℃, ndipo imawerengedwa kuti ndi kutentha kwambiri IV (komwe kumatchedwa PIV mwachidule). Malire apamwamba a kutentha kwa valavu ya PIV ndi 816 ℃, chifukwa kutentha kwakukulu komwe kumaperekedwa ndi kalasi yokhazikika ya ASMEB16134 yosankhidwa pakupanga valavu ndi 816 ℃ (1500υ). Kuphatikiza apo, kutentha kwa ntchito kukapitirira 816 ° C, chitsulocho chimakhala pafupi kulowa m'dera lotentha lopangira. Pakadali pano, chitsulocho chili mdera la pulasitiki, ndipo chitsulocho chili ndi pulasitiki wabwino, ndipo n'zovuta kupirira kuthamanga kwambiri kwa ntchito ndi mphamvu yokhudza ndikuchiteteza kuti chisawonongeke. Zida zazikulu za valavu ya P Ⅳ ndi CF8M mu muyezo wa ASTMA351 monga mawonekedwe oyambira "kutentha kwakukulu Ⅳ medium carbon chromium nickel molybdenum rare earth titanium tantalum reinforced heat-resistant steel". CK-20 ndi ASTMA182 muyezo wa F310 (kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa C ≥01050%) ndi chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri cha F310H chosagwira kutentha.
Kutentha kwambiri Ⅴ
Kutentha kwa ntchito ya valavu kumaposa 816 ℃, komwe kumatchedwa PⅤ, valavu ya PⅤ kutentha kwambiri (ya mavalavu otseka, osayang'anira mavalavu a gulugufe) iyenera kugwiritsa ntchito njira zapadera zopangira, monga kutenthetsa mkati kapena madzi kapena gasi. Kuziziritsa kumatha kutsimikizira kuti valavu ikugwira ntchito bwino. Chifukwa chake, malire apamwamba a kutentha kwa ntchito ya valavu ya PⅤ kutentha kwakukulu sanatchulidwe, chifukwa kutentha kwa ntchito ya valavu yowongolera sikungotsimikiziridwa ndi zinthu zokha, komanso ndi njira zapadera zopangira, ndipo mfundo yoyambira ya njira yopangira ndi yofanana. Vavu ya PⅤ kutentha kwakukulu imatha kusankha zipangizo zoyenera zomwe zingakwaniritse valavu malinga ndi malo ake ogwirira ntchito komanso kuthamanga kwa ntchito komanso njira zapadera zopangira. Mu valavu ya PⅤ kutentha kwakukulu, nthawi zambiri valavu ya flapper kapena gulugufe ya valavu ya flue flapper kapena valavu ya gulugufe nthawi zambiri imasankhidwa kuchokera ku HK-30 ndi HK-40 high-temperature alloys mu muyezo wa ASTMA297. Yolimbana ndi dzimbiri, koma singathe kupirira kugwedezeka ndi kupsinjika kwakukulu.
Nthawi yotumizira: Juni-21-2021