Buku Lotsogolera Mipando ya Valve ya Mpira: Chida Chobisika cha Chisindikizo Chanu

Chitsogozo cha Mpando wa Valve ya Mpira: Ntchito, Zipangizo (Mpando wa PTFE ndi Zina) & Magawo a Kutentha | Chisindikizo Chapamwamba

Mu dziko lamavavu a mpira, kutseka kogwira mtima n'kofunika kwambiri. Pakati pa ntchito yofunikayi pali gawo lofunika kwambiri:Mpando wa Valavu ya Mpira, nthawi zambiri amatchedwaMpando wa VavuNgwazi yosaimbidwa iyi ndiye "ngwazi yotseka" yeniyeni ya gulu la Ball Valve.

Kodi Mpando wa Valve wa Mpira Ndi Chiyani Kwenikweni?

TheMpando wa Valavu ya Mpirandi chinthu chofunikira kwambiri chosindikizira mkati mwavalavu ya mpirakapangidwe kake. Kawirikawiri kamapangidwa ndi chitsulo kapena zinthu zosakhala zachitsulo, kamayikidwa mkati mwa thupi la valavu. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikupanga mawonekedwe otseka bwino ndi mpira wozungulira. Mwa kusunga kukhudzana kwapafupi kumeneku,Mpando wa Vavuzimathandiza kuti valavu izimitse kapena kuyendetsa bwino kayendedwe ka madzi.

Chiwopsezo Chachitatu cha Mpando wa Valve: Choposa Chisindikizo Chabe

ZamakonoMipando ya Valve ya Mpiraali ndi luso lodabwitsa kuposa kutseka koyambira:

1. Kusindikiza Kosinthika (Chosintha Maonekedwe):Monga pilo ya thovu lokumbukira lomwe limagwirizana ndi mutu wanu, Mpando wa Valve wapamwamba kwambiri umasunga kusinthasintha pa kutentha kwambiri (monga momwe zimakhalira ndi miyezo ya ASTM D1710, nthawi zambiri -196°C mpaka +260°C). Kusinthasintha kumeneku kumalola kuti ipange zokha kubweza kuwonongeka pang'ono pamwamba pa mpira, ndikutsimikizira kukhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali.

2. Wotsogolera Madzi (Woteteza):Mapangidwe apadera, monga V-port Ball Valve Seats, amatsogolera bwino njira yoyendera madzi. Kuyenda kolunjika kumeneku kumathandiza kufufuza malo otsekera, kuteteza kusonkhanitsa zinyalala kapena tinthu ting'onoting'ono tomwe tingawononge chitsekocho.

3. Wothandiza Pangozi (Chitetezo cha Moto):Mapangidwe ena a Mpando wa Valve amakhala ndi zinthu zotetezera moto. Pakagwa kutentha kwambiri (monga moto), mipando iyi imapangidwa kuti ipse kapena kupangitsa kuti ikhale ya kaboni. Kenako gawo lopangidwa ndi kaboni limapanga chisindikizo chachiwiri, chadzidzidzi kuchokera ku chitsulo kupita ku chitsulo, kuteteza kuwonongeka kwakukulu.

Sayansi Yotseka: Momwe Mpando wa Valavu Umagwirira Ntchito

Kutseka kumachitika kudzera mu kukanikiza mwachindunji. Mpira ukazungulira pamalo otsekedwa, umakanikiza mwamphamvu motsutsana ndiMpando wa Valavu ya MpiraKupanikizika kumeneku kumasokoneza pang'ono zinthu za mpando, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale chotchinga chothira madzi. Ma valve okhazikika a mpira amagwiritsa ntchito mipando iwiri ya ma valve - imodzi pamalo olowera ndi ina kumbali yotulutsira. Ngati yatsekedwa, mipando iyi "imakumbatira" mpirawo, yomwe imatha kupirira kupsinjika mpaka 16MPa (paMiyezo ya API 6DMapangidwe okonzedwa bwino, monga mipando ya V-port, amatha kupititsa patsogolo kutseka pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zodula zomwe zimagwira ntchito pa media.

Ma Valavu a Mpira Magawo a Kutentha kwa Mpando: Nkhani Zazinthu

Malire a kutentha kwa ntchito aMpando wa Valavu ya Mpirazimatengera kapangidwe kake. Nayi kusanthula kwa zipangizo zodziwika bwino za mipando ndi kutentha kwake kofunikira:

Mipando ya Valve ya Mpira Wofewa (Polymer & Elastomer Ball Ball Ball Ball Ball Ball Ball Basket):

•Mpando wa PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene):Chisankho chapamwamba kwambiri. Mipando ya PTFE imagwira ntchito bwino kwambiri polimbana ndi dzimbiri ndipo imagwira ntchito bwino pakati pa-25°C mpaka +150°CPa ntchito zovuta zomwe zimafuna kuyendetsa njinga pafupipafupi, PTFE yopangidwa mwalusoMipando (yomwe imakwaniritsa kulolerana kwa ±0.01mm) yolumikizidwa ndi mipira yomalizidwa mwapadera imatha kupereka ma cycle opitilira 100,000 popanda kutayikira - ikukwaniritsa muyezo wokhwima wa ISO 5208 Class VI.

• PCTFE (Polychlorotrifluoroethylene):Yabwino kwambiri pa ntchito zowunikira. Imagwira ntchito bwino kuchokera ku-196°C mpaka +100°C.

• RPTFE (PTFE Yolimbikitsidwa):Yokonzedwa bwino kuti ikhale yolimba komanso kutentha kwambiri. Mitundu yoyenera:-25°C mpaka +195°C, yabwino kwambiri pakugwiritsa ntchito nthawi zambiri.

• PPL (Polyphenylene):Yogwira ntchito bwino kwambiri pa nthunzi. Gwiritsani ntchito mkati-25°C mpaka +180°C.

• Viton® (FKM Fluoroelastomer):Wodziwika bwino chifukwa cha kukana mankhwala komanso kuthekera kotentha kwambiri (-18°C mpaka +150°CGwiritsani ntchito mosamala ndi nthunzi/madzi.

• Silikoni (VMQ):Imapereka kutentha kwambiri komanso kusakhala ndi mankhwala okwanira (-100°C mpaka +300°C), nthawi zambiri zimafuna kuchiritsidwa pambuyo pa kuchira kuti mukhale ndi mphamvu zokwanira.

• Buna-N (Nitrile Rubber – NBR):Njira yosinthasintha komanso yotsika mtengo yogwiritsira ntchito madzi, mafuta, ndi mafuta (-18°C mpaka +100°CKukana kukanda bwino.

• EPDM (Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer):Zabwino kwambiri polimbana ndi ozone, kuzizira, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito HVAC (-28°C mpaka +120°CPewani ma hydrocarbons.

• MOC / MOG (Zosakaniza za PTFE Zodzazidwa ndi Mpweya):Amapereka kukhazikika kwabwino komanso kukana kuwonongeka. MOC/MOG nthawi zambiri imakhala yosiyana-15°C mpaka +195°C.

• MOM (PTFE Yodzazidwa ndi Kaboni Yosinthidwa):Yokonzedwa bwino kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito, yosiyana-15°C mpaka +150°C.

• PA6 / PA66 (Nayiloni):Zabwino pa kupsinjika ndi kuwonongeka (-25°C mpaka +65°C).

• POM (Acetal):Mphamvu ndi kuuma kwakukulu (-45°C mpaka +110°C).

• PEEK (Polyetheretherketone):Polima yapamwamba kwambiri. Kutentha kwapadera (-50°C mpaka +260°C), kupanikizika, kuwonongeka, ndi kukana mankhwala. Kulimbana kwambiri ndi hydrolysis (madzi otentha/nthunzi).

Mipando ya Valavu ya Mpira Yolimba (Yochokera ku Chitsulo & Alloy):

• Chitsulo Chosapanga Dzira + Tungsten Carbide:Yankho lolimba la kutentha kwambiri (-40°C mpaka +450°C).

• Aloyi Wolimba (mwachitsanzo, Stellite) + Ni55/Ni60:Kuwonongeka kwapamwamba komanso kukana kutentha kwambiri (-40°C mpaka +540°C).

• Aloyi Wotentha Kwambiri (monga Inconel, Hastelloy) + STL:Yopangidwira ntchito zovuta kwambiri (-40°C mpaka +800°C).

Kuganizira Mozama:Zipangizo zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa zikuyimira zosankha zodziwika bwino.Mpando wa Valavu ya Mpirakusankha kuyenera kutengeramikhalidwe yeniyeni yogwirira ntchito(kutentha, kuthamanga, pakati, kuchuluka kwa kayendedwe ka kayendedwe ka zinthu, ndi zina zotero) pa ntchito iliyonse. Pali zipangizo zina zambiri zapadera zomwe zimagwirizana ndi zofunikira zapadera kupatula kutentha kokha. Nthawi zonse funsani opanga ma valve kuti akupatseni malangizo enieni a zinthu zomwe zikugwirizana ndi makina anu. UfuluMpando wa Vavundikofunikira kwambirivalavu ya mpiramagwiridwe antchito ndi moyo wautali.